Comprehensive guide on Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)based on IGNOU B.Ed/M.Ed, NCERT, NIOS, CBSE and NEP 2020. Learn concepts, framework, lesson plan steps, assessment methods, 50 MCQs and exam-oriented insights for CTET/TET preparation. Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA) is an important topic in the KVS/NVS/EMRS exam.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction (परिचय)
Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)/ CBE is a learner-centred approach where students progress by demonstrating mastery of clearly defined competencies rather than merely completing syllabus content. Competency-based learning emphasises knowledge, skills, values, and application in real-life situations. Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA) provides learners centred environment.
दक्षताआधारित शिक्षा Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)/ CBE एक शिक्षार्थी-केंद्रित दृष्टिकोण है जिसमें छात्र केवल पाठ्यक्रम पूरा करने के बजाय स्पष्ट रूप से परिभाषित दक्षताओं में प्रवीणता प्रदर्शित करके आगे बढ़ते हैं। यह ज्ञान, कौशल, मूल्य और वास्तविक जीवन में अनुप्रयोग पर आधारित है।
2. Historical Background of Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)(ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि)
Competency-based ideas evolved from Bloom’s Mastery Learning (1968), later reflected in National Policy on Education 1986, NPE 1992, and strongly emphasised in NEP 2020. CBSE introduced competency-based questions (case-based, assertion-reasoning) from 2020 onward.
दक्षताआधारित शिक्षा की अवधारणा ब्लूम की मास्टरी लर्निंग (1968) से विकसित हुई। इसे राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 1986, 1992, और विशेष रूप से एनईपी 2020 में महत्व दिया गया। सीबीएसई ने 2020 से दक्षताआधारित प्रश्नों को शामिल किया।
3. Meaning of Competency (दक्षता का अर्थ) in Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
A competency is a combination of knowledge (ज्ञान), skills (कौशल), attitude (दृष्टिकोण), and values (मूल्य) applied effectively in context.
दक्षता ज्ञान, कौशल, दृष्टिकोण और मूल्यों का समन्वय है जो किसी परिस्थिति में प्रभावी रूप से लागू हो। Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
4. Competency-Based Lesson Planning / दक्षताआधारित पाठ योजना in Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
According to IGNOU B.Ed lesson planning framework, competency-based lesson planning includes:
- Learning Outcomes (अधिगम परिणाम)
- Competency Identification (दक्षता की पहचान)
- Learning Experiences (अधिगम अनुभव)
- Assessment Strategies (मूल्यांकन रणनीति)
- Remedial & Enrichment (सुधारात्मक एवं समृद्धि गतिविधियाँ)
5. Steps in Competency-Based Lesson Plan / दक्षताआधारित पाठ योजना के चरण in Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
Step 1: Identify Competency
Define measurable skills aligned with NCERT Learning Outcomes.
चरण 1: एनसीईआरटी अधिगम परिणामों के अनुसार मापनीय दक्षताओं की पहचान करें।
Step 2: Frame Learning Outcomes
Use action verbs from Bloom’s Taxonomy.
चरण 2: ब्लूम वर्गीकरण के क्रियात्मक शब्दों का प्रयोग करें।
Step 3: Plan Activities
Include experiential learning, group work, projects.
चरण 3: अनुभवात्मक अधिगम, समूह कार्य, परियोजना कार्य शामिल करें।
Step 4: Design Assessment
Use rubrics, observation, quizzes, case-based questions.
चरण 4: रूब्रिक, अवलोकन, केस-आधारित प्रश्नों का उपयोग करें।
Step 5: Provide Feedback
Continuous and constructive feedback.
चरण 5: सतत एवं रचनात्मक प्रतिक्रिया दें।
6. Competency-Based Assessment /दक्षताआधारित मूल्यांकन
According to CBSE Examination Reforms & NEP 2020, assessment should test application, analysis, and problem-solving rather than rote learning.
सीबीएसई और एनईपी 2020 के अनुसार मूल्यांकन रटने के बजाय अनुप्रयोग, विश्लेषण और समस्या समाधान को मापना चाहिए।
7. Types of Competency-Based Questions / दक्षताआधारित प्रश्नों के प्रकार on Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
- Case-based questions (प्रकरण आधारित)
- Assertion-Reason questions (दावा-कारण)
- Competency MCQs (दक्षता आधारित वस्तुनिष्ठ प्रश्न)
- Portfolio Assessment (पोर्टफोलियो मूल्यांकन)
- Performance Tasks (प्रदर्शन आधारित कार्य)
8. Role of Teacher / शिक्षक की भूमिका in Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
Teachers act as facilitators, mentors, and assessors. Teachers must design competency-aligned instruction and use formative assessment techniques.
शिक्षक मार्गदर्शक, परामर्शदाता और मूल्यांकनकर्ता की भूमिका निभाते हैं। शिक्षक को दक्षता-आधारित शिक्षण और निर्माणात्मक मूल्यांकन अपनाना चाहिए।
9. Role of NCERT & CBSE / एनसीईआरटी और सीबीएसई की भूमिका in Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
NCERT provides learning outcomes and competency guidelines. CBSE integrates competency-based assessment in board exams (50%).
एनसीईआरटी अधिगम परिणाम प्रदान करता है और सीबीएसई बोर्ड परीक्षाओं में 40–50% दक्षताआधारित प्रश्न शामिल करता है।
10. Importance of Competency-Based Education / दक्षताआधारित शिक्षा का महत्व/ Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
एनईपी 2020 के अनुरूप है
Develops critical thinking
Promotes experiential learning
Reduces rote memorization
Aligns with NEP 2020
आलोचनात्मक चिंतन विकसित करता है
अनुभवात्मक अधिगम को बढ़ावा देता है
रटने की प्रवृत्ति कम करता है
11. Difference Between Traditional & Competency-Based Approach/ पारंपरिक एवं दक्षताआधारित दृष्टिकोण में अंतर
Traditional focuses on content coverage.
Competency-based focuses on mastery.
पारंपरिक पद्धति विषयवस्तु पर केंद्रित है।
दक्षताआधारित पद्धति प्रवीणता पर केंद्रित है।
12. Objective Questions (MCQs) related to Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
1. Competency-based education focuses on:
A. Memorization
B. Mastery of skills
C. Textbook completion
D. Lecture method
Answer: B
2. NEP 2020 emphasizes:
A. Rote learning
B. Board marks
C. Competency-based learning
D. Only online learning
Answer: C
3. Bloom’s Taxonomy is related to:
A. Evaluation of teachers
B. Learning objectives
C. School management
D. Attendance
Answer: B
4. Competency includes:
A. Knowledge only
B. Skills only
C. Knowledge, skills, attitude
D. Marks
Answer: C
5. Formative assessment is:
A. Annual exam
B. Continuous assessment
C. Board exam
D. Entrance test
Answer: B
(Continuing 6–50 in same pattern)
6. CBSE introduced competency-based questions in:
A. 2000
B. 2010
C. 2020
D. 1990
Answer: C
7. Learning outcomes are provided by:
A. RBI
B. NCERT
C. Police
D. WHO
Answer: B
8. Portfolio assessment measures:
A. One-time performance
B. Continuous progress
C. Attendance
D. Fees
Answer: B
9. Case-based questions test:
A. Memory
B. Application
C. Handwriting
D. Speed
Answer: B
10. Competency-based lesson planning aligns with:
A. NEP 2020
B. Old syllabus only
C. Colonial education
D. None
Answer: A
11. Competency-based education primarily focuses on:
A. Syllabus completion
B. Mastery of learning outcomes
C. Teacher-centered instruction
D. Annual examinations
Answer: B
12. Which policy strongly recommends competency-based assessment in India?
A. NPE 1968
B. RTE 2009
C. NEP 2020
D. Woods Dispatch
Answer: C
13. A learning outcome should be:
A. Vague
B. Measurable
C. Lengthy
D. Theoretical only
Answer: B
14. Bloom’s Taxonomy helps in framing:
A. School rules
B. Learning objectives
C. Attendance policy
D. Timetable
Answer: B
15. Which level of Bloom’s Taxonomy represents higher-order thinking?
A. Remembering
B. Understanding
C. Applying
D. Analyzing
Answer: D
16. Competency-based assessment mainly reduces:
A. Concept clarity
B. Critical thinking
C. Rote memorization
D. Student participation
Answer: C
17. Case-based questions assess:
A. Memory recall
B. Application and reasoning
C. Handwriting
D. Speed writing
Answer: B
18. Formative assessment is conducted:
A. At the end of the year
B. Continuously during teaching
C. Only in board exams
D. Before admission
Answer: B
19. Portfolio assessment is useful to measure:
A. Single test score
B. Continuous progress
C. Attendance record
D. Discipline
Answer: B
20. In competency-based lesson planning, teacher acts as:
A. Dictator
B. Facilitator
C. Examiner only
D. Observer only
Answer: B
21. Performance-based tasks assess:
A. Practical skills
B. Memory
C. Attendance
D. Homework completion
Answer: A
22. The key feature of competency-based curriculum is:
A. Time-bound progression
B. Mastery-based progression
C. Age-based promotion
D. Marks-based ranking
Answer: B
23. Rubrics are used to:
A. Punish students
B. Provide structured assessment criteria
C. Replace exams
D. Maintain attendance
Answer: B
24. Experiential learning is promoted in:
A. Traditional system
B. Competency-based system
C. Colonial education
D. Lecture method only
Answer: B
25. Learning outcomes provided by NCERT are:
A. Optional
B. Mandatory guidelines
C. Irrelevant
D. Only for teachers
Answer: B
26. Competency-based questions in CBSE Board Exams constitute approximately:
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 40–50%
D. 90%
Answer: C
27. Higher-order thinking includes:
A. Memorizing
B. Listing
C. Evaluating
D. Copying
Answer: C
28. Continuous feedback helps in:
A. Demotivating learners
B. Improving learning
C. Reducing marks
D. Increasing syllabus
Answer: B
29. A competency integrates:
A. Knowledge only
B. Skill only
C. Knowledge, skills, and attitude
D. Marks only
Answer: C
30. Competency-based lesson plan begins with:
A. Teaching aids
B. Homework
C. Identifying competencies
D. Exam paper
Answer: C
31. Assessment for learning refers to:
A. Summative assessment
B. Formative assessment
C. Board examination
D. Entrance test
Answer: B
32. Assertion-Reason type questions assess:
A. Memory
B. Logical reasoning
C. Writing speed
D. Presentation skills
Answer: B
33. NEP 2020 recommends report cards that are:
A. Marks-based
B. Holistic and 360-degree
C. Only academic
D. Confidential
Answer: B
34. Competency-based education supports:
A. Passive learning
B. Active learning
C. Silent classrooms
D. Lecture method only
Answer: B
35. Mastery learning ensures:
A. Promotion without learning
B. Achievement of predefined standards
C. Less effort
D. Less feedback
Answer: B
36. Diagnostic assessment is used to:
A. Rank students
B. Identify learning gaps
C. Conduct final exams
D. Promote students
Answer: B
37. The primary goal of competency-based assessment is to measure:
A. Marks
B. Memorization
C. Application of knowledge
D. Attendance
Answer: C
38. Real-life problem-solving questions are part of:
A. Traditional exams
B. Competency-based exams
C. Oral tests only
D. Objective type only
Answer: B
39. Competency-based approach aligns with which skill?
A. Critical thinking
B. Copying
C. Guessing
D. Dictation
Answer: A
40. Remedial teaching is provided when:
A. Student achieves mastery
B. Learning gaps are identified
C. Exam ends
D. Homework is done
Answer: B
41. Which is NOT a feature of competency-based education?
A. Learner-centered
B. Application-based
C. Rote memorization
D. Skill-oriented
Answer: C
42. Formative assessment improves:
A. Teaching-learning process
B. Only marks
C. Attendance
D. Fees
Answer: A
43. Learning outcome verbs should be:
A. Action-oriented
B. Vague
C. Abstract
D. Lengthy
Answer: A
44. Project-based learning develops:
A. Surface learning
B. Competencies
C. Memorization
D. Silence
Answer: B
45. Peer assessment encourages:
A. Competition only
B. Collaboration and reflection
C. Fear
D. Punishment
Answer: B
46. Competency-based curriculum is outcome-driven.
A. True
B. False
C. Partially
D. None
Answer: A
47. NEP 2020 emphasizes reducing:
A. Creativity
B. Flexibility
C. Content load
D. Assessment
Answer: C
48. A performance task assesses:
A. Practical demonstration
B. Written theory only
C. Attendance
D. Dictation
Answer: A
49. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) supports:
A. Competency-based assessment
B. Rote learning
C. Only annual exams
D. Ranking
Answer: A
50. The ultimate aim of competency-based education is to develop:
A. Exam toppers
B. Holistic individuals
C. Memorization experts
D. Passive learners
Answer: B
13. Higher-Order Case-Based MCQs related to Competency-Based Learning and Assessment (CBL-CBA)
Case 1 (Q1–2)
A teacher designs a lesson on “Fractions” where students work in groups to solve real-life problems like sharing food equally. She observes their participation and provides feedback during the activity.
1. The teacher is primarily applying which principle?
A. Rote memorization
B. Mastery learning
C. Experiential learning
D. Lecture method
Answer: C
2. The assessment used in this case is:
A. Summative assessment
B. Formative assessment
C. Norm-referenced test
D. Board examination
Answer: B
Case 2 (Q3–4)
In a Science class, students are given a real-life situation about water pollution and asked to analyze causes and suggest solutions.
3. This question assesses which level of Bloom’s Taxonomy?
A. Remembering
B. Understanding
C. Analyzing
D. Listing
Answer: C
4. This type of question reflects:
A. Traditional assessment
B. Competency-based assessment
C. Dictation method
D. Oral testing
Answer: B
Case 3 (Q5–6)
A teacher uses rubrics to evaluate students’ project work based on clarity, creativity, and practical application.
5. Rubrics ensure:
A. Subjectivity
B. Structured evaluation
C. Bias
D. Only marks
Answer: B
6. This assessment mainly measures:
A. Memorization
B. Performance competency
C. Attendance
D. Writing speed
Answer: B
Case 4 (Q7–8)
A student fails to achieve the learning outcome in Mathematics. The teacher provides additional practice worksheets and peer support.
7. This is an example of:
A. Remedial teaching
B. Punishment
C. Promotion
D. Ranking
Answer: A
8. The teacher’s action supports which concept?
A. Mastery learning
B. Lecture method
C. Competition
D. Norm-based grading
Answer: A
Case 5 (Q9–10)
In a Social Science class, students create a model of Panchayati Raj system and explain its functioning.
9. This activity develops primarily:
A. Surface learning
B. Practical competency
C. Memorization
D. Silent learning
Answer: B
10. The assessment tool most suitable here is:
A. Objective test
B. Observation checklist
C. Attendance sheet
D. Dictation
Answer: B
Case 6 (Q11–12)
CBSE introduces 50% competency-based questions in board exams.
11. The main objective is to:
A. Increase difficulty
B. Reduce syllabus
C. Test application and analysis
D. Promote rote learning
Answer: C
12. This reform aligns with which policy?
A. NPE 1968
B. NEP 2020
C. RTE 2009 only
D. Woods Dispatch
Answer: B
Case 7 (Q13–14)
A teacher writes learning outcomes such as “Students will be able to compare democratic and authoritarian governments.”
13. The verb “compare” belongs to which level?
A. Remembering
B. Understanding
C. Analyzing
D. Creating
Answer: C
14. Writing measurable outcomes is important because it:
A. Makes evaluation easier
B. Increases homework
C. Reduces teaching
D. Confuses students
Answer: A
Case 8 (Q15–16)
Students maintain a portfolio of their assignments, reflections, and projects throughout the year.
15. Portfolio assessment helps in:
A. One-time grading
B. Continuous progress tracking
C. Ranking students
D. Punishment
Answer: B
16. This approach reflects which principle?
A. Norm-referenced testing
B. Continuous and comprehensive evaluation
C. Annual examination system
D. Rote learning
Answer: B
Case 9 (Q17–18)
A teacher uses peer assessment in classroom presentations.
17. Peer assessment promotes:
A. Competition only
B. Collaboration and reflection
C. Fear
D. Bias
Answer: B
18. This method enhances which competency?
A. Social skills
B. Attendance
C. Silence
D. Speed writing
Answer: A
Case 10 (Q19–20)
A teacher designs a competency-based lesson plan starting with identification of learning outcomes aligned with NCERT guidelines.
19. The first step in competency-based lesson planning is:
A. Homework
B. Teaching aids
C. Identifying competencies
D. Examination
Answer: C
20. The overall goal of competency-based education is to develop:
A. High marks only
B. Holistic development and real-life skills
C. Memorization ability
D. Competitive ranking
Answer: B
Please visit for more topics: https://teacherszone.in/
Please follow us on Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61586013442564